1060 aluminum and 1100-H14 aluminum are both common industrial aluminum alloys, and they have similarities in many performance aspects. However, they differ in certain specific properties, which make each alloy more suitable for different applications.
1060 Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Differences
- Tensile Strength: 1100-H14 has higher ultimate tensile strength (18 vs. 9.7 to 18 ksi) and higher yield strength (16 ksi vs. 2.4 to 16 ksi).
- Fatigue Strength: 1100-H14 has higher fatigue strength (7.2 vs. 2.2 to 7.3 ksi).
- Thermal Conductivity: 1060 aluminum has slightly higher thermal conductivity (140 vs. 130 BTU/h-ft-°F).
- Electrical Conductivity: 1060 aluminum has higher electrical conductivity (62% IACS vs. 59% IACS at the same volume).
These differences highlight that 1100-H14 offers excellent strength and fatigue resistance, while 1060 aluminum offers better electrical and thermal conductivity. Both alloys are very similar in many performance aspects, but the subtle differences may make one more suitable than the other depending on the specific application.
- 1060 Aluminum: With its higher electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, 1060 aluminum is ideal for applications related to electrical and thermal conduction. Its lower strength and fatigue performance limit its use in high-load structural components.
- 1100-H14 Aluminum: With higher tensile strength, yield strength, and fatigue strength, 1100-H14 aluminum is more suitable for applications requiring higher mechanical strength and fatigue resistance. Its thermal and electrical conductivity are slightly lower than 1060 aluminum, but still meet most requirements.
The choice of alloy depends on the specific application requirements. For electrical and thermal conduction-related applications, 1060 aluminum would be the preferred choice, while for applications requiring strength and fatigue durability, 1100-H14 aluminum would be more suitable.
1060 Aluminum vs. 1100-H14 Aluminum Applications
- 1060 Aluminum: Due to its higher thermal and electrical conductivity, 1060 aluminum is commonly used in electrical conductors, heat exchangers, radiators, reflectors, and other applications. It performs well in lightweight components that do not require high strength.
- 1100-H14 Aluminum: Due to its higher strength and fatigue strength, 1100-H14 aluminum is commonly used in applications requiring higher mechanical performance, such as automotive, aerospace components, tanks, pipelines, and more. It is also used in food packaging and chemical containers.
1060 Aluminum vs. 1100-H14 Aluminum Formability
- 1060 Aluminum: Due to its lower strength, 1060 aluminum has better formability, making it suitable for deep drawing, bending, and other processing techniques.
- 1100-H14 Aluminum: Despite having higher strength, 1100-H14 aluminum still has good formability and is suitable for stamping and deep drawing processes for medium-strength requirements.
1060 Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Alloy Composition
Although 1060 aluminum and 1100-H14 aluminum have similar primary alloy compositions, being based on pure aluminum, their slight compositional differences result in different mechanical properties:
1060 Aluminum: Its purity is typically above 99.6%, with almost no other alloying elements, primarily used in electrical and thermal conduction applications.
1100-H14 Aluminum: Also part of the pure aluminum series, but small amounts of copper (Cu) and other elements are added to enhance its strength and fatigue resistance.
| Element | 1060 Aluminum | 1100-H14 Aluminum |
| Aluminum (Al), % | 99.6 to 100 | 99 to 99.95 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.050 | 0.050 to 0.2 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.35 | 0 to 1.0 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 to 0.030 | 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.030 | 0 to 0.050 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.25 | 0 to 1.0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.030 | 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 0.050 | 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.050 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | 0 to 0.15 |
1060 Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Mechanical Properties
The yield strength of 1100-H14 aluminum is higher than that of 1060 aluminum, meaning that 1100-H14 aluminum can withstand greater pressure without permanent deformation before the load reaches a certain level. Therefore, 1100-H14 is more suitable for applications requiring higher structural strength.
1100-H14 aluminum outperforms 1060 aluminum in fatigue strength. Fatigue strength refers to the maximum stress a material can withstand under repeated loading. The higher fatigue strength makes 1100-H14 aluminum more suitable for applications that experience dynamic loads or alternating stresses, such as automotive and aerospace structural components.
| Property | 1060 Aluminum | 1100-H14 Aluminum |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, x 10⁶ psi | 9.9 | 10 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 1.1 to 30 | 8.2 |
| Fatigue Strength, x 10³ psi | 2.2 to 7.3 | 7.2 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, x 10⁶ psi | 3.7 | 3.8 |
| Shear Strength, x 10³ psi | 6.1 to 11 | 11 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), x 10³ psi | 9.7 to 18 | 18 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), x 10³ psi | 2.4 to 16 | 16 |
1060 Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Thermal Properties
1060 aluminum has slightly higher thermal conductivity, which means it can conduct heat more effectively. For applications that require good heat dissipation or thermal conduction, such as heat exchangers, radiators, and electronic device enclosures, 1060 aluminum may be a more suitable choice.
| Property | 1060 Aluminum | 1100-H14 Aluminum |
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °F | 340 | 360 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °F | 1210 | 1210 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °F | 1190 | 1190 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, BTU/lb-°F | 0.22 | 0.22 |
| Thermal Conductivity, BTU/h-ft-°F | 140 | 130 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 24 | 24 |
1060 Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Electrical Properties
1060 aluminum has slightly higher electrical conductivity, which gives it an advantage in electrical applications. Especially in applications that require high electrical conductivity, such as cables, wires, and other electrical connection components, 1060 aluminum is an ideal choice.
| Property | 1060 Aluminum | 1100-H14 Aluminum |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 62 | 59 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 210 | 190 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Property | 1060 Aluminum | 1100-H14 Aluminum |
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.5 | 9.0 |
| Calomel Potential, mV | -750 | -740 |
| Density, lb/ft³ | 170 | 170 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material | 8.3 | 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy, x 10³ BTU/lb | 67 | 66 |
| Embodied Water, gal/lb | 140 | 140 |
Common Calculations
| Property | 1060 Aluminum | 1100-H14 Aluminum |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³ | 0.57 to 37 | 9.8 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m³ | 2.1 to 89 | 87 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 50 | 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 6.9 to 13 | 13 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 14 to 21 | 21 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s | 96 | 90 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 3.0 to 5.6 | 5.5 |
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