3003 H22 H24 Aluminum undergoes different tempering processes. H22 represents medium strength with good formability, while H24 offers higher strength but reduced ductility.
- 3003 H22 Aluminum: Provides better formability and ductility, suitable for applications requiring low strength and significant processing or forming, especially in structures and lightweight parts that do not bear heavy loads.
- 3003 H24 Aluminum: Offers higher hardness, tensile strength, and shear strength, suitable for applications requiring higher strength and load-bearing capabilities, although its ductility and plasticity are reduced, making it prone to brittle fracture during large deformations.
| Properties | 3003-H22 Aluminum | 3003-H24 Aluminum |
| Hardness | Low | High |
| Tensile Strength | Low (Ultimate tensile and yield tensile) | High (Ultimate tensile and yield tensile) |
| Elongation at Fracture | Higher (Good ductility) | Lower (Reduced ductility) |
| Shear Strength | Slightly lower | Slightly higher |
| Modulus of Elasticity | Low (Significant deformation) | High (Less deformation) |
The selection between these two materials primarily depends on the strength and formability requirements of the application. If better plasticity and lower strength are needed, 3003 H22 is the better choice; if higher strength and load-bearing capacity are required, 3003 H24 is more suitable.
3003 aluminum is a common alloy used for medium-strength applications. It typically contains around 1.2% manganese, giving it good corrosion resistance and moderate strength. 3003 aluminum is often used to produce lightweight structural components, body panels, roofing, and decorative materials. Both 3003 H22 and 3003 H24 belong to this alloy series, but their mechanical properties differ mainly due to different heat treatment states (i.e., different tempering processes).
3003 H22 and 3003 H24 Aluminum Differences
Hardness
- 3003 H22: Has lower hardness but better plasticity and formability. It is suitable for applications requiring large deformations, such as complex deep-drawing or forming processes. Due to its lower hardness, it is easier to process and form, especially in cold-working processes.
- 3003 H24: Has higher hardness, which is obtained through a heat treatment process that enhances its resistance to deformation. It is suitable for applications requiring higher strength, such as those subjected to greater loads.
Tensile Strength
- 3003 H22: Has lower tensile strength, meaning it can deform under tensile forces but has relatively weak load-bearing capacity. It is suitable for lightweight structural components with less demanding strength requirements.
- 3003 H24: Has higher tensile strength, due to a stronger heat treatment process. The H24 material offers higher ultimate tensile strength and yield tensile strength compared to H22, making it suitable for applications that require the material to withstand greater tensile loads in high-strength environments.
Elongation at Fracture
- 3003 H22: Has better ductility, with a higher elongation at fracture. This material can withstand larger deformations without breaking or cracking, making it ideal for complex forming and welding applications. Its ductility makes it suitable for processing into thin sheets or large-scale stretching.
- 3003 H24: Has lower ductility. Although it has higher tensile strength, it is more prone to brittle fracture during large deformations. The H24 alloy is more suitable for applications where strength is required but little plastic deformation is needed.
Shear Strength
- 3003 H22: Has lower shear strength, making it suitable for low-strength shear applications. Due to its higher formability, H22 aluminum is often used to process thin sheets, foil, etc., that do not bear large shear forces.
- 3003 H24: Has slightly higher shear strength, making it suitable for applications requiring the material to withstand larger shear forces. H24 aluminum, due to its higher hardness and strength, is more suitable for manufacturing high-strength structural parts, such as support frames and structural components.
Modulus of Elasticity
- 3003 H22: Has a lower modulus of elasticity. Its modulus typically falls within the 70-80 GPa range, meaning it will deform more significantly when stressed. In high-load applications, the material's elasticity may cause some deformation, but it can provide better formability.
- 3003 H24: Has a higher modulus of elasticity, meaning it will deform less when stressed compared to H22. This alloy is suitable for applications that require strong resistance to deformation, such as structural components and load-bearing parts.
3003 H22 and 3003 H24 Aluminum Tempering Treatment and Applications
- 3003 H22: H22 represents a medium-strength temper, suitable for applications requiring higher formability. In this state, the aluminum alloy retains a certain level of flexibility, allowing for deep-drawing, bending, and other processes without excessive cracking or brittle fracture. Applications include body panels, building materials, etc.
- 3003 H24: H24 represents a medium-hardening temper obtained through heat treatment, typically used in applications requiring higher strength but less plastic deformation. Examples include food containers, chemical tanks, heat exchangers, and other applications that need to withstand higher pressures or loads.
3003-H22 Aluminum vs. 3003-H24 Aluminum Mechanical Properties
| Property | 3003-H22 Aluminum | 3003-H24 Aluminum |
| Brinell Hardness | 37 | 45 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus (x 10^6 psi) | 10 | 10 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | 7.7 | 6.0 |
| Fatigue Strength (x 10^3 psi) | 10 | 9.9 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus (x 10^6 psi) | 3.8 | 3.8 |
| Shear Strength (x 10^3 psi) | 12 | 13 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS) (x 10^3 psi) | 20 | 23 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof) (x 10^3 psi) | 14 | 19 |
3003-H22 Aluminum vs. 3003-H24 Aluminum Thermal Properties
| Property | 3003-H22 Aluminum | 3003-H24 Aluminum |
| Latent Heat of Fusion (J/g) | 400 | 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical (°F) | 360 | 360 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus) (°F) | 1210 | 1210 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus) (°F) | 1190 | 1190 |
| Specific Heat Capacity (BTU/lb-°F) | 0.21 | 0.21 |
| Thermal Conductivity (BTU/h-ft-°F) | 100 | 100 |
| Thermal Expansion (µm/m-K) | 23 | 23 |
3003-H22 Aluminum vs. 3003-H24 Aluminum Electrical Properties
| Property | 3003-H22 Aluminum | 3003-H24 Aluminum |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume (% IACS) | 44 | 44 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific) (% IACS) | 140 | 140 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Property | 3003-H22 Aluminum | 3003-H24 Aluminum |
| Base Metal Price (% relative) | 9.5 | 9.5 |
| Calomel Potential (mV) | -740 | -740 |
| Density (lb/ft³) | 170 | 170 |
| Embodied Carbon (kg CO2/kg material) | 8.1 | 8.1 |
| Embodied Energy (x 10³ BTU/lb) | 66 | 66 |
| Embodied Water (gal/lb) | 140 | 140 |
Common Calculations
| Property | 3003-H22 Aluminum | 3003-H24 Aluminum |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work) (MJ/m³) | 9.4 | 8.9 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience) (kJ/m³) | 64 | 120 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial (points) | 14 | 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending (points) | 50 | 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial (points) | 14 | 16 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending (points) | 21 | 24 |
| Thermal Diffusivity (mm²/s) | 71 | 71 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance (points) | 6.0 | 7.0 |
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