For applications that require higher strength and better corrosion resistance, 3105-H14 is the preferred choice, while 3003-H14 is ideal for applications where formability is prioritized.
Both 3003-H14 and 3105-H14 aluminum alloys are widely used across various industries due to their excellent corrosion resistance, formability, and cost-effectiveness. Both are in the H14 temper, meaning they have undergone strain hardening to achieve specific mechanical properties. Despite their similar alloy composition and performance, there are some key differences between the two.
- 3105-H14 has higher strength, hardness, higher tensile strength, and better fatigue strength than 3003-H14.
- 3003-H14 has excellent elongation at break, making it easier to form and suitable for deep drawing.
Due to its higher magnesium and chromium content, 3105-H14 has enhanced corrosion resistance, especially in salt-laden or marine environments.
The thermal properties and electrical conductivity of both alloys are similar, with little difference in performance.
3003 H14 and 3105 H14 Comparison Table
| Property | 3003-H14 | 3105-H14 |
| Alloy Composition | Contains aluminum, copper, and manganese | Contains aluminum, manganese, magnesium, chromium, and zinc |
| Tensile Strength (Ultimate) | Moderate | Higher |
| Tensile Strength (Yield) | Moderate | Higher |
| Elongation at Break | Higher (more ductile) | Lower (less ductile) |
| Brinell Hardness | Lower | Higher |
| Fatigue Strength | Lower | Higher |
| Corrosion Resistance | Good | Better (especially in marine environments) |
| Formability | Excellent (better for deep drawing) | Good (but slightly less formable) |
| Thermal Conductivity | Slightly better | Slightly lower |
| Electrical Conductivity | Equal for both | Equal for both |
| Thermal Shock Resistance | Lower | Higher |
| Applications | Roofing, siding, cooking utensils, heat exchangers | Building facades, automotive, structural applications, residential roofing |
3003-H14 Aluminum vs. 3105-H14 Aluminum Corrosion Resistance
Both alloys exhibit good corrosion resistance, especially in atmospheric and mild environments. However, the presence of magnesium and chromium in 3105-H14 gives it a corrosion resistance advantage in certain harsh conditions, such as marine environments or exposure to salt-laden air. 3105-H14 can better resist pitting and other forms of corrosion that may occur in these environments.
3003-H14 Aluminum vs. 3105-H14 Aluminum Formability and Workability
3003-H14 has better formability than 3105-H14, primarily because of its higher elongation at break. This makes 3003-H14 more suitable for deep drawing and other processes that require significant deformation without cracking.
While 3105-H14 still has quite good formability, its lower elongation may make it less suitable for applications that require deep or complex forming processes.
3003-H14 and 3105-H14 Aluminum Alloy Applications
- 3003-H14 is typically used in applications where formability is crucial and strength requirements are moderate. It is commonly found in applications requiring deep drawing and forming, such as roofing, wall panels, cookware, appliances, and heat exchangers.
- 3105-H14, with slightly higher strength and better corrosion resistance, is more commonly used in exterior applications such as building facades, gutter systems, mobile homes, and residential roofing. Its better fatigue strength also makes it very useful in automotive and structural applications that require higher strength and durability.
3003-H14 and 3105-H14 Aluminum Alloy Composition
- 3003-H14: This alloy contains around 96.8% to 99% aluminum, with small amounts of copper (0.050% to 0.2%) and manganese (1.0% to 1.5%). It does not contain magnesium, chromium, or titanium.
- 3105-H14: The composition of 3105 is quite similar but includes a slightly higher percentage of manganese (0.3% to 0.8%) and magnesium (0.2% to 0.8%). It also has traces of chromium (up to 0.2%) and zinc (up to 0.4%). This composition variation results in subtle differences in mechanical properties and performance.
| Element | 3003-H14 Aluminum | 3105-H14 Aluminum |
| Aluminum (Al), % | 96.8 to 99 | 96 to 99.5 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | 0 to 0.2 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0.050 to 0.2 | 0 to 0.3 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.7 | 0 to 0.7 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | 0.2 to 0.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 1.0 to 1.5 | 0.3 to 0.8 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | 0 to 0.6 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.1 | 0 to 0.4 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | 0 to 0.15 |
3003-H14 Aluminum vs. 3105-H14 Aluminum Mechanical Properties
| Property | 3003-H14 Aluminum | 3105-H14 Aluminum |
| Brinell Hardness | 42 | 48 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus (x 10^6 psi) | 10 | 10 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | 8.3 | 2.7 |
| Fatigue Strength (x 10^3 psi) | 8.7 | 9.9 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus (x 10^6 psi) | 3.8 | 3.8 |
| Shear Strength (x 10^3 psi) | 14 | 15 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS, x 10^3 psi) | 23 | 25 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof, x 10^3 psi) | 20 | 21 |
3003-H14 Aluminum vs. 3105-H14 Aluminum Thermal Properties
| Property | 3003-H14 Aluminum | 3105-H14 Aluminum |
| Latent Heat of Fusion (J/g) | 400 | 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical (°F) | 360 | 360 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus, °F) | 1210 | 1210 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus, °F) | 1190 | 1180 |
| Specific Heat Capacity (BTU/lb-°F) | 0.21 | 0.21 |
| Thermal Conductivity (BTU/h-ft-°F) | 100 | 98 |
| Thermal Expansion (µm/m-K) | 23 | 24 |
3003-H14 Aluminum vs. 3105-H14 Aluminum Electrical Properties
| Property | 3003-H14 Aluminum | 3105-H14 Aluminum |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume (% IACS) | 44 | 44 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (% IACS) | 140 | 140 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Property | 3003-H14 Aluminum | 3105-H14 Aluminum |
| Base Metal Price (% relative) | 9.5 | 9.5 |
| Calomel Potential (mV) | -740 | -750 |
| Density (lb/ft³) | 170 | 170 |
| Embodied Carbon (kg CO2/kg material) | 8.1 | 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy (x 10³ BTU/lb) | 66 | 66 |
| Embodied Water (gal/lb) | 140 | 140 |
Common Calculations
| Property | 3003-H14 Aluminum | 3105-H14 Aluminum |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work, MJ/m³) | 12 | 4.5 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience, kJ/m³) | 130 | 160 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial (points) | 14 | 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending (points) | 50 | 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial (points) | 16 | 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending (points) | 23 | 25 |
| Thermal Diffusivity (mm²/s) | 71 | 68 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance (points) | 6.9 | 7.5 |
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