3005 aluminum has higher strength, especially in applications requiring structural integrity, while 3003 aluminum has greater formability, making it more suitable for applications involving shaping and forming.
Both 3003 aluminum alloy and 3005 aluminum alloy are commonly used in various industrial applications, but they differ in mechanical properties, thermal performance, and alloy composition.
Performance Comparison Table of 3003 and 3005 Aluminum Alloys
| Performance Category | 3003 Aluminum Alloy | 3005 Aluminum Alloy |
| Strength | Relatively low | Higher |
| Ductility | Good ductility with higher elongation, suitable for forming | Slightly lower ductility with narrower elongation, suitable for higher structural requirements |
| Fatigue Strength | Suitable for low-load conditions and general applications | Higher fatigue strength, suitable for high-load and long-term load-bearing applications |
| Thermal Conductivity | Slightly higher, suitable for heat exchangers and radiators | Slightly lower thermal conductivity, but performs better under higher strength and load conditions |
| Thermal Stability | Good, suitable for applications under normal temperature conditions | Better high-temperature performance, suitable for high-load applications |
| Alloy Composition | Mainly aluminum, manganese (1.0-1.5%), silicon, iron, and copper | Mainly aluminum, magnesium (0.2-0.6%), and manganese |
| Aluminum Content | Over 98% | 95.7-98.8% |
| Magnesium Content | None | 0.2-0.6%, enhancing strength and corrosion resistance |
- 3003 Aluminum Alloy: Suitable for applications that do not require high strength but need good formability and ductility, such as architectural decoration and lightweight mechanical components.
- 3005 Aluminum Alloy: With the increased magnesium content, it offers higher strength and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for applications with higher structural requirements and larger loads, such as storage tanks and boilers.
Application Comparison of 3003 and 3005 Aluminum Alloys
3003 Aluminum Alloy Applications
Main Applications: 3003 is suitable for situations that do not require high strength but need good processability, such as architectural decoration, appliance housings, automotive parts, coolers, and food packaging.
Advantages: Good formability and weldability make it very popular in applications that require mass processing or precision forming.
3005 Aluminum Alloy Applications
Main Applications: 3005 is suitable for structural applications that require higher strength, such as building structures, boilers, chemical equipment, storage tanks, and other environments that need to withstand larger loads.
Advantages: Higher strength makes it suitable for structural applications that bear high loads, but due to slightly inferior processability, it is not as suitable as 3003 alloy for applications requiring complex forming.
- 3003 Aluminum Alloy: Suitable for applications that require good ductility, formability, and lower strength, such as construction, decoration, and lightweight industrial components. Its good thermal conductivity makes it ideal for heat exchange applications.
- 3005 Aluminum Alloy: Has higher strength, making it suitable for applications requiring higher structural integrity and durability, such as storage tanks, boilers, and other environments subjected to large mechanical loads. Its formability is slightly inferior, making it suitable for applications requiring higher strength rather than extreme forming.
3003 vs. 3005 Aluminum Alloy Composition
| Element | 3003 Aluminum | 3005 Aluminum |
| Aluminum (Al) (%) | 96.8 to 99 | 95.7 to 98.8 |
| Chromium (Cr) (%) | 0 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu) (%) | 0.050 to 0.2 | 0 to 0.3 |
| Iron (Fe) (%) | 0 to 0.7 | 0 to 0.7 |
| Magnesium (Mg) (%) | 0 | 0.2 to 0.6 |
| Manganese (Mn) (%) | 1.0 to 1.5 | 1.0 to 1.5 |
| Silicon (Si) (%) | 0 to 0.6 | 0 to 0.6 |
| Titanium (Ti) (%) | 0 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Zinc (Zn) (%) | 0 to 0.1 | 0 to 0.25 |
| Residuals (%) | 0 | 0 to 0.15 |
3003 Aluminum vs. 3005 Aluminum Mechanical Properties
| Property | 3003 Aluminum | 3005 Aluminum |
| Brinell Hardness | 28 to 65 | 33 to 73 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus (x 10⁶ psi) | 10 | 10 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | 1.1 to 28 | 1.1 to 16 |
| Fatigue Strength (x 10³ psi) | 5.7 to 13 | 7.7 to 14 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus (x 10⁶ psi) | 3.8 | 3.8 |
| Shear Strength (x 10³ psi) | 9.9 to 19 | 12 to 22 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS) (x 10³ psi) | 16 to 34 | 20 to 39 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof) (x 10³ psi) | 5.7 to 30 | 7.4 to 34 |
3003 Aluminum vs. 3005 Aluminum Thermal Properties
| Property | 3003 Aluminum | 3005 Aluminum |
| Latent Heat of Fusion (J/g) | 400 | 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical (°F) | 360 | 360 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus) (°F) | 1210 | 1210 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus) (°F) | 1190 | 1180 |
| Specific Heat Capacity (BTU/lb-°F) | 0.21 | 0.21 |
| Thermal Conductivity (BTU/h-ft-°F) | 100 | 93 |
| Thermal Expansion (µm/m-K) | 23 | 23 |
3003 Aluminum vs. 3005 Aluminum Electrical Properties
| Property | 3003 Aluminum | 3005 Aluminum |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume (% IACS) | 44 | 42 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific) (% IACS) | 140 | 140 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Property | 3003 Aluminum | 3005 Aluminum |
| Base Metal Price (% relative) | 9.5 | 9.5 |
| Density (lb/ft³) | 170 | 170 |
| Embodied Carbon (kg CO₂/kg material) | 8.1 | 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy (x 10³ BTU/lb) | 66 | 66 |
| Embodied Water (gal/lb) | 140 | 140 |
Common Calculations
| Property | 3003 Aluminum | 3005 Aluminum |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work) (MJ/m³) | 0.95 to 63 | 2.2 to 18 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience) (kJ/m³) | 11 to 300 | 18 to 390 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial (points) | 14 | 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending (points) | 50 | 49 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial (points) | 11 to 24 | 14 to 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending (points) | 18 to 30 | 21 to 33 |
| Thermal Diffusivity (mm²/s) | 71 | 64 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance (points) | 4.7 to 10 | 6.0 to 12 |
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