The main difference between 1100 H14 aluminum and 1100-O aluminum lies in their processing methods, which result in different mechanical properties. Both alloys have the same chemical composition, but different heat treatment and work hardening processes make them suitable for different applications.
- When higher strength, fatigue resistance, and thermal shock resistance are required, 1100-H14 aluminum is a good choice while still maintaining a relatively lightweight. Its lower ductility limits its ability to easily form complex shapes.
- On the other hand, 1100-O aluminum has high formability, making it an ideal choice for applications that require deep drawing, bending, and shaping. However, its lower strength limits its use in high-stress applications. It excels in industries where material flexibility and ease of processing are critical, such as food, beverage, and chemical industries.
Main Differences Between 1100-H14 Aluminum and 1100-O Aluminum
| Property | 1100-H14 Aluminum | 1100-O Aluminum |
| Tensile Strength | 18 ksi | 13 ksi |
| Yield Strength | 16 ksi | 4.2 ksi |
| Elongation at Break | 8.2% | 32% |
| Fatigue Strength | 7.2 ksi | 5.0 ksi |
| Shear Strength | 11 ksi | 8.8 ksi |
| Thermal Shock Resistance | 5.5 | 3.9 |
| Formability | Less formable (stronger) | More formable (more ductile) |
| Strength-to-Weight Ratio | Better | Lower |
1100-H14 Aluminum and 1100-O Aluminum Formability and Workability
- 1100-H14: Formability: While 1100-H14 is harder and stronger than 1100-O, its formability is poorer due to lower ductility. However, it offers better performance in applications where strength and wear resistance are important.
- 1100-O: Excellent Formability: The high elongation of 1100-O makes it an ideal choice for processes that require significant deformation, such as stamping, pressing, and deep drawing. Its lower strength makes it easier to form without cracking or breaking.
1100-H14 Aluminum and 1100-O Aluminum Strength-to-Weight Ratio
- 1100-H14: Better Strength-to-Weight Ratio: 1100-H14 has a higher strength-to-weight ratio in both the axial (13) and bending (21) directions, making it more suitable for structural applications where maintaining strength while minimizing weight is important.
- 1100-O: Lower Strength-to-Weight Ratio: 1100-O has a lower strength-to-weight ratio, both in the axial (9.0) and bending (16) directions. This makes it less suitable for high-strength structural applications but ideal for applications where weight requirements are not high.
1100-H14 Aluminum and 1100-O Aluminum Applications
- 1100-H14 Aluminum Applications: 1100-H14 is well-suited for applications requiring good mechanical properties, such as pressure vessels, heat exchangers, aerospace structural components, and automotive parts. It is also ideal for producing products that require a good combination of strength and wear resistance.
- 1100-O Aluminum Applications: Given its excellent formability and higher ductility, 1100-O is commonly used in applications that require shaping materials into complex geometries. This includes food and beverage containers, kitchen utensils, chemical and food processing equipment, and construction applications that require deep drawing or bending.
1100-H14 Aluminum and 1100-O Aluminum Mechanical Properties
- 1100-H14 aluminum has higher mechanical strength due to its strain-hardened condition. Compared to 1100-O aluminum, 1100-H14 has higher tensile strength, yield strength, and shear strength, making it more suitable for applications that experience repetitive or cyclical loading. Additionally, 1100-H14 has better fatigue resistance. However, its lower ductility and poorer formability make it unsuitable for applications requiring large deformations or complex shaping.
- 1100-O aluminum, due to its annealed condition, has higher ductility and can undergo a wide range of deformation without cracking, making it particularly suitable for applications requiring high formability, such as deep drawing or bending. However, compared to 1100-H14, 1100-O has lower strength, making it less suitable for applications that require high mechanical strength, such as structural or load-bearing components.
| Property | 1100-H14 Aluminum | 1100-O Aluminum |
| Brinell Hardness | 32 | 23 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, x 10^6 psi | 10 | 10 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 8.2 | 32 |
| Fatigue Strength, x 10^3 psi | 7.2 | 5.0 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, x 10^6 psi | 3.8 | 3.8 |
| Shear Strength, x 10^3 psi | 11 | 8.8 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), x 10^3 psi | 18 | 13 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), x 10^3 psi | 16 | 4.2 |
1100-H14 Aluminum and 1100-O Aluminum Thermal Properties
1100-H14: Thermal Shock Resistance: 1100-H14 has a thermal shock resistance rating of 5.5, which is better than the 3.9 rating of 1100-O. This makes 1100-H14 better suited for environments with rapid temperature changes, such as in aerospace or certain industrial applications.
1100-O: Less Resistance to Thermal Shock: 1100-O, while still having good thermal properties, is less resistant to thermal shock compared to the H14 variant. This could be a consideration in applications where the material is exposed to rapid temperature changes.
| Property | 1100-H14 Aluminum | 1100-O Aluminum |
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °F | 360 | 360 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °F | 1210 | 1210 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °F | 1190 | 1190 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, BTU/lb-°F | 0.22 | 0.22 |
| Thermal Conductivity, BTU/h-ft-°F | 130 | 130 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 24 | 24 |
1100-H14 Aluminum and 1100-O Aluminum Electrical Properties
Both alloys exhibit the same electrical conductivity at 59% IACS for equal volume and 190% IACS for equal weight, making them suitable for electrical applications.
| Property | 1100-H14 Aluminum | 1100-O Aluminum |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 59 | 59 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 190 | 190 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Both 1100-H14 and 1100-O have the same density (170 lb/ft³), so there is no significant difference in terms of weight per volume.
| Property | 1100-H14 Aluminum | 1100-O Aluminum |
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.0 | 9.0 |
| Calomel Potential, mV | -740 | -740 |
| Density, lb/ft³ | 170 | 170 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.2 | 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy, x 10^3 BTU/lb | 66 | 66 |
| Embodied Water, gal/lb | 140 | 140 |
Common Calculations
| Property | 1100-H14 Aluminum | 1100-O Aluminum |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³ | 9.8 | 22 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m³ | 87 | 6.1 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 50 | 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | 9.0 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 | 16 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s | 90 | 90 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 5.5 | 3.9 |
1100-H14 Aluminum and 1100-O Aluminum Alloy Composition
| Element | 1100-H14 Aluminum | 1100-O Aluminum |
| Aluminum (Al), % | 99 to 99.95 | 99 to 99.95 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0.050 to 0.2 | 0.050 to 0.2 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 1.0 | 0 to 1.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.050 | 0 to 0.050 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | 0 to 1.0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.1 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | 0 to 0.15 |
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